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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/32298Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Asenath-Smith, Emily | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Melendy, Terry D. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Menke, Amelia M. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Bernier, Andrew P. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Blaisdell, George L. | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-03-06T18:20:42Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2019-03-06T18:20:42Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-02 | - |
| dc.identifier.govdoc | ERDC/CRREL TR-19-2 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/11681/32298 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/32298 | - |
| dc.description | Technical Report | - |
| dc.description.abstract | To address the need for expedient repair solutions for paved runways in cold environments, airfield damage repair Rapid Airfield Damage Recovery (RADR) materials were tested at temperatures down to -40 ºF. New materials and methods were developed to fill the identified performance gaps for conventional RADR materials. Simulated crater repairs were per-formed at -20 and -40 ºF. Folded fiber glass panels and hinges met the published tensile strength, but did not meet the required flexural strength. Fiberglass-reinforced polyester panels retained their 73 ºF tensile and flexural strengths down to -40 ºF. If required, foreign object debris covers can be used at temperatures below freezing, but further experimentation is needed to fully assess matting candidates at temperatures below 0 ºF. Geocell sidewalls and junctions showed an increased maximum force, with a ten-fold decrease in the displacement before failure. Rapid setting flowable fill and polyurethane foam, prepared conventionally, were demonstrated as backfill materials at temperatures as low as 0 ºF. As a cap material, Rapid Set® concrete can be placed using conventional techniques down to 17 ºF. Snow and ice materials were demonstrated as backfill materials below freezing and met the strength requirements for capping applications at temperatures down to -40 ºF. | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Rapid Airfield Damage Recovery Program (U.S.) | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Air Force Civil Engineer Center (U.S.) | - |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Abstract .................................................................................................................................... ii Figures and Tables ................................................................................................................... v Preface .................................................................................................................................... ix Unit Conversion Factors ......................................................................................................... x 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Compacted snow as a runway repair material .......................................................... 2 1.1.2 Additives in snow and ice materials ........................................................................... 5 1.2 Objectives ........................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Approach ............................................................................................................ 6 2 Experimental Design ....................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Materials overview and properties tested ........................................................ 7 2.1.1 Laboratory instrumentation ........................................................................................ 7 2.1.2 Materials and temperatures studied ......................................................................... 8 2.1.3 Foreign object debris (FOD) covers ............................................................................ 9 2.1.4 Cellular confinement systems (geocells) ................................................................. 12 2.1.5 Polyurethane foam backfill material ........................................................................ 14 2.1.6 Rapid Set concrete ................................................................................................... 15 2.1.7 Flowable fill ................................................................................................................ 16 2.1.8 Snow and ice materials ............................................................................................ 17 2.1.9 Simulated crater repairs ........................................................................................... 18 3 Results and Discussion ................................................................................................. 22 3.1 Existing RADR Materials ................................................................................. 22 3.1.1 Foreign object debris (FOD) covers .......................................................................... 22 3.1.2 Cellular confinement systems (geocells) ................................................................. 42 3.1.3 Polyurethane foam backfill material ........................................................................ 49 3.1.4 Rapid Set concrete mix ............................................................................................. 52 3.1.5 Rapid setting flowable fill ......................................................................................... 53 3.2 New RADR candidate materials ...................................................................... 57 3.2.1 Frozen slush .............................................................................................................. 57 3.2.2 Ice with additives....................................................................................................... 61 3.2.3 Debris reinforced ice ................................................................................................. 62 3.3 Extreme cold repair of a full-scale crater ...................................................... 65 3.3.1 Dry flowable fill (dFF) as a backfill material at 17 ºF .............................................. 65 3.3.2 Rapid Set concrete cap at 17 ºF (over dry flowable fill backfill) ............................. 67 3.3.3 Debris-reinforced ice backfill layer at -20 ºF ........................................................... 69 3.3.4 Frozen slush repair of a full-size crater at -20 ºF .................................................... 71 3.3.5 Snow slush with cellulose additive repair of a full-size crater at -20 ºF ................. 74 3.4 Simulated crater repair at -40 ºF .................................................................... 76 4 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 79 4.1 Existing RADR materials performance .......................................................... 79 4.1.1 FOD covers ................................................................................................................ 79 4.1.2 Geocell cellular confinement systems ..................................................................... 80 4.1.3 Polyurethane foam backfill ....................................................................................... 80 4.1.4 Rapid Set concrete mix ............................................................................................. 81 4.1.5 Rapid setting flowable fill (FF) .................................................................................. 81 4.2 Performance of new candidate RADR materials ........................................... 81 4.2.1 Dry compacted snow ................................................................................................ 81 4.2.2 Frozen slush .............................................................................................................. 82 4.2.3 Reinforced ice ........................................................................................................... 82 4.2.4 Debris-reinforced ice ................................................................................................. 83 4.3 Performance envelops of materials for RADR .............................................. 83 5 Future Testing ................................................................................................................. 85 5.1 Existing RADR materials ................................................................................. 85 5.2 New frozen materials for RADR ...................................................................... 87 References ............................................................................................................................. 88 Appendix A: Individual Loading Curves for Mechanical Testing of FOD Covers........... 91 Appendix B: Photographs of Polyurethane Foam Samples during Curing at -40 ºF ................................................................................................................................... 108 Appendix C: Plots of Compressive Strength versus Temperature for Existing Cementitious Crater Fill Materials ........................................................................... 109 Appendix D: Plots of Compressive Strength versus Temperature for New Crater Fill Materials for use Below Freezing ........................................................... 111 Report Documentation Page | - |
| dc.format.extent | 125 pages / 22.54 Mb | - |
| dc.format.medium | PDF/A | - |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) | - |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Technical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) ; no. ERDC/CRREL TR-19-2 | - |
| dc.rights | Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited | - |
| dc.source | This Digital Resource was created in Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat | - |
| dc.subject | Concrete | - |
| dc.subject | Mechanical properties | - |
| dc.subject | Concrete--Additives | - |
| dc.subject | Geocells | - |
| dc.subject | Run-ways (Aeronautics)--Maintenance and repair | - |
| dc.subject | Runways (Aeronautics)--Cold weather conditions | - |
| dc.subject | Controlled low-strength materials | - |
| dc.subject | Fills (Earthwork) | - |
| dc.subject | Composite materials | - |
| dc.title | Evaluation of airfield damage repair methods for extreme cold temperatures | en_US |
| dc.type | Report | en_US |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERDC-CRREL TR-19-2.pdf | 23.09 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |