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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/47329| Title: | Transformations of heavy metals and plant nutrients in dredged sediments as affected by oxidation reduction potential and pH : volume I, literature review |
| Authors: | Gambrell, Robert P. Verloo, M. G. Patrick, W. H. (William H.), 1925- Khalid, R. A. |
| Keywords: | Analytical chemistry Oxidation Sedimentation analysis Heavy metals Plant nutrients Dredged material Dredging spoil Dredged Material Research Program (U.S.) |
| Publisher: | U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station |
| Series/Report no.: | Contract Report (Dredged Material Research Program (U.S.)) ; no. Contract Report D-77-4 Vol.1 |
| Abstract: | This report, which includes a bibliography of 414 references, discusses literature on the occurrence and chemistry of selected trace metals and plant nutrients in sediment-water systems. The effects of pH and oxidation-reduction conditions on metal and nutrient chemistry were stressed where this information was available. The toxic and nutrient elements included are lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, selenium, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. The report also reviews the scope and limitations of various selective chemical fractionation procedures developed to determine the chemical forms of trace metals and nutrients in soil and sediment-water systems. This review determined that many laboratory studies simulating the transport of reduced sediments to an oxygenated environment have reported some release of toxic metals and biostimulants and others have shown no release of many elements. However, too few studies of actual dredging and dredged material disposal operations have been completed to draw broadly applicable conclusions regarding the effects of dredging on water quality. Where dredging activities have resulted in minimal change in metal ion concentration, it may be that some regulating processes influenced by oxidation-reduction reactions tend to be activated as others are inactivated. Because of the numerous potential interactions of dredging and dredged material disposal with surrounding ecosystems, it is suggested that some site-specific evaluation of possible adverse environ-mental impact should be conducted for each proposed dredging project. Though adsorption and release reactions in disturbed sediment-water systems are frequently not of the magnitude predicted from metal-ligand solubilities and thermodynamic considerations of simple aqueous systems, it is apparent from the literature that pH and redox potential do influence the availability of metals and plant nutrients by affecting regulatory processes. Studies of the effects of redox potential and pH in sediment-water systems should therefore be useful in determining the nature of the regulatory process involved and the sediment-water characteristics which may contribute to significant release of metals and nutrients to benthic and aquatic organisms. |
| Description: | Contract Report |
| Gov't Doc #: | Contract Report D-77-4 Vol.1 |
| Rights: | Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited |
| URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/11681/47329 |
| Appears in Collections: | Contract Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contract Report D-77-4 Volume I.pdf | Contract Report D-77-4 Vol.1 | 9.96 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |