Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/11681/4489Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Leidy, George R. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Ploskey, Gene R. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | National Reservoir Research Program (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Environmental Laboratory (U.S.) | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-03-16T22:09:24Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2016-03-16T22:09:24Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 1980-03 | - |
| dc.identifier.govdoc | Technical Report E-80-4 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11681/4489 | - |
| dc.description | Technical Report | - |
| dc.description.abstract | A literature review and analysis of published data on zooplankton and benthos bioenergetics form the basis used in this report for the development of stochastic model constructs for the simulation of zooplankton and benthos dynamics in reservoirs. Mathematical constructs, where appropriate or justified by the available literature, were developed to describe the effects of environmental components (for example, food, temperature, and oxygen concentration) on rate terms in Equation 1. Frequency distributions of rate coefficients were formed for as many taxonomic or functional categories of aquatic invertebrates as possible. By using carbon units and providing frequency histograms of carbon-nitrogen and carbon-phosphorus ratios, the model can trace the cycling of nitrogen and phosphorus through zooplankton and benthos compartments. An evaluation is presented of strengths and weaknesses in the literature on zooplankton and benthos consumption, assimilation, respiration, and nonpredatory mortality. NOTE: This file is large. Allow your browser several minutes to download the file. | - |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Environmental and Water Quality Operational Studies (U.S.) | - |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Prepared for Office, Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army under EWQOS Task IB.1 | - |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | PREFACE PART I: INTRODUCTION Modeling Concepts . Objectives Scope . . . . . . . CONTENTS PART II: ELEMENTAL CARBON, NITROGEN, AND PHOSPHORUS COMPOSITION OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS . . • . 14 Introduction 14 Nitrogen 16 Carbon 18 Carbon:Nitrogen Ratios 18 Phosphorus 19 Summary of Constructs . 22 Conclusions • . . . 25 PART III: CONSUMPTION BY ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS 26 Section A: Zooplankton Grazing . . . . . . . 27 Consumption by Filter-Feeding Zooplankton 28 Food Selectivity by Zooplankton . . . . . 51 Effect of Temperature on Consumption . . . . 66 Diel Variations in Filtering and Feeding Rates 76 Consumption by Predatory Zooplankton . . . . . 85 Seasonal Changes in Grazing . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Synergistic Effects of Environmental Variables . . . . 90 Section B: Benthic Grazing . . . 93 Effect of Food Concentration 93 Effect of Temperature . . 97 Effect of Diel Variations 97 Section C: Model Constructs 99 Summary of Constructs . • 99 Definitions . . . . . . . 100 Step 1 - Food Concentrations 100 Step 2 - Food Selectivity 101 Step 3 - Temperature 102 Step 4 - Diel Variations 102 Step 5. . . . . . . . . . 102 Section D: Conclusions . . • . 103 PART IV: ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY, EGESTION, AND EXCRETION OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS Introduction . . . . . . . . Methodology . . . . . . . . . . Factors Affecting Assimilation Efficiency Summary of Constructs . . . . . . . . Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART V: RESPIRATION OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Methodology . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . Variation Due to Experimental Conditions Variation Due to Conversion of Units Model Constructs . . . . . . . . . . . . Effects of Body Weight . . . . . . . Effects of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration . Effects of Temperature Summary of Constructs • . . • . . . . . . • Conclusions . . . . . . . . PART IV: NONPREDATORY MORTALITY OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS Introduction Previous Models . • . . . . . Experimental Estimates Factors Affecting Nonpredatory Mortality Summary of Constructs Conclusions . . . . . PART VII: RECOMMENDATIONS General . . . . • . . Chemical Composition Consumption by Zooplankton and Benthos Assimilation Efficiency (A/G), Egestion (F), and Excretion (E) . . . . . . . Respiration . . . . . . . . . Nonpredatory Mortality (NPM) REFERENCES APPENDIX A: ELEMENTAL CARBON, NITROGEN, AND PHOSPHORUS COMPOSITION OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS . . APPENDIX B: FILTERING RATES REPORTED FOR FRESHWATER ZOOPLANKTERS ZOOPLANKTERS • . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . Bl APPENDIX C: ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCIES Cl Definitions of Abbreviations and Symbols Used in Appendix C . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2 Definitions of Experimental Methods Listed in Appendix C C3 APPENDIX D: RESPIRATION OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS Dl Part I: Respiration Rates of Aquatic Invertebrates for Various Taxomonic and Functional Groups D4 Part II: Respiration Rates of Aquatic Invertebrates as a Function of Body Weight and Temperature for Various Taxonomic and Functional Groups . D22 APPENDIX E: NONPREDATORY MORTALITY OF ZOOPLANKTON AND BENTHOS El Part I: Nonpredatory Mortality Rates of Zooplankton and Benthos . . . . . . . . . . . . E3 Part II: Upper and Lower Lethal Temperatures of Zooplankton and Benthos | - |
| dc.format.extent | 312 pages / 11.25Mb | - |
| dc.format.medium | PDF/A | - |
| dc.publisher | U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station | - |
| dc.relation | http://acwc.sdp.sirsi.net/client/en_US/search/asset/1040441 | - |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Technical Report (U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station) ; no. E-80-4. | - |
| dc.rights | Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. | - |
| dc.source | The ERDC Library created this digital resource using one or more of the following: Zeta TS-0995, Zeutcehl OS 12000, HP HD Pro 42-in. map scanner, Epson flatbed | - |
| dc.subject | Benthos | - |
| dc.subject | Simulation | - |
| dc.subject | Environmental effects | - |
| dc.subject | Environmental aspects | - |
| dc.subject | Stochastic models | - |
| dc.subject | Mathematical models | - |
| dc.subject | Numerical models | - |
| dc.subject | Zooplankton | - |
| dc.subject | Reservoirs | - |
| dc.subject | Water quality | - |
| dc.title | Simulation Modeling of Zooplankton and Benthos in Reservoirs : Documentation and Development of Model Constructs | - |
| dc.type | Report | - |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Technical Report E-80-4.pdf | 11.53 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |