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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/42163| Title: | Determination of residual low-order detonation particle characteristics from IMX-104 mortar rounds |
| Authors: | Bigl, Matthew F. Beal, Samuel A. Ramsey, Charles A. |
| Keywords: | Bombing and gunnery ranges Command detonation Detonations Dissolution (Chemistry) Explosives, Military Fate and transport Insensitive munitions Laser diffraction Particle analysis Soil absorption and adsorption Training range management |
| Publisher: | Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Series/Report no.: | Technical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) ; no. ERDC/CRREL TR-21-12 |
| Abstract: | The environmental fate and transport of energetic compounds on military training ranges are largely controlled by the particle characteristics of low-order detonations. This study demonstrated a method of command detonation, field sampling, laboratory processing, and analysis techniques for characterizing low-order detonation particles from 60 mm and 81 mm mortar rounds containing the insensitive munition formulation IMX-104. Particles deposited from three rounds of each caliber were comprehensively sampled and characterized for particle size, energetic purity, and morphology. The 60 mm rounds were command-detonated low order consistently (seven low-order detonations of seven tested rounds), with con-sumption efficiencies of 62%–80% (n = 3). The 81 mm rounds detonated low order inconsistently (three low-order detonations of ten tested rounds), possibly because the rounds were sourced from manufacturing test runs. These rounds had lower consumption efficiencies of 39%–64% (n = 3). Particle-size distributions showed significant variability between munition calibers, between rounds of the same caliber, and with distance from the detonation point. The study reviewed command-detonation configurations, particle transfer losses during sampling and particle-size analysis, and variations in the energetic purity of recovered particles. Overall, this study demonstrated the successful characterization of IMX-104 low-order detonation particles from command detonation to analysis. |
| Description: | Technical Report |
| Gov't Doc #: | ERDC/CRREL TR-21-12 |
| Rights: | Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited |
| URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/11681/42163 http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42163 |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERDC-CRREL TR-21-12.pdf | 6.55 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |