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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9544| Title: | Forecasting water temperature decline and freeze-up in rivers |
| Authors: | New York Sea Grant Institute Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation Clarkson University. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Shen, Hung Tao Foltyn, E. P. (Edward P.) Daly, Steven F. |
| Keywords: | Ice formation Rivers Ice River ice St. Lawrence River Water temperature |
| Publisher: | Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Series/Report no.: | CRREL report ; 84-19. |
| Description: | CRREL Report Abstract: In this study a method for making long-range forecasts of freeze-up dates in rivers is developed. The method requires the initial water temperature at an upstream station, the long-range air temperature forecast, the predicted mean flow velocity in the river reach, and water temperature response parameters. The water temperature response parameters can be either estimated from the surface heat exchange coefficient and the average flow depth or determined empirically from recorded air and water temperature data. The method is applied to the St. Lawrence River between Kingston, Ontario, and Massena, New York, and is shown to be capable of accurately forecasting freeze-up. |
| Rights: | Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11681/9544 |
| Appears in Collections: | CRREL Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CR-84-19.pdf | 1.02 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |