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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/6496
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dc.contributor.authorAinslie, William B.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSmith, R. Danielen_US
dc.contributor.authorPruitt, Bruce A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, Thomas H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSparks, Earl J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGodshalk, Gordon Lamaren_US
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Michael V.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWest, Larry-
dc.creatorUnited States. Environmental Protection Agency. Region IVen_US
dc.creatorTennessee Technological University. Biology Departmenten_US
dc.creatorUnited States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Louisville Districten_US
dc.creatorUniversity of Georgia. Department of Crop and Soil Sciencesen_US
dc.creatorAlfred University. Environmental Studies Programen_US
dc.creatorIllinois State Geological Surveyen_US
dc.creatorWetlands Research Program (U.S.)en_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-23T20:10:16Zen_US
dc.date.available2016-03-23T20:10:16Zen_US
dc.date.issued1999-05en_US
dc.identifier.govdocTechnical Report WRP-DE-17en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11681/6496en_US
dc.descriptionTechnical reporten_US
dc.description.abstractThe Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Approach is a collection of concepts and methods for developing functional indices and subsequently using them to assess the capacity of a wetland to perform functions relative to similar wetlands in a region. The approach was initially designed to be used in the context of the Clean Water Act Section 404 Regulatory Program permit review sequence to consider alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable project impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of mitigation projects. However, a variety of other potential applications for the approach have been identified including: determining minimal effects under the Food Security Act, designing mitigation projects, and managing wetlands. This report uses the HGM Approach to develop a Regional Guidebook for assessing the functions of low gradient, riverine wetlands in western Kentucky. The report begins with a characterization of low gradient, riverine wetlands in the western Kentucky, then discusses (A.) the rationale used to select functions, (B.) the rationale used to select model variables and metrics, (C.) the rational used to develop assessment models, and (D.) the data from reference wetlands used to calibrate model variables and assessment models. Finally, it outlines an assessment protocol for using the model variables and functional indices to assess low gradient, riverine wetlands in western Kentucky.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipPrepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314-1000en_US
dc.description.tableofcontentsPreface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix 1—Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2—Overview of the Hydrogeomorphic Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Hydrogeomorphic Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Reference Wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Assessment Models and Functional Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Assessment Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Development Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Application Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3—Characterization of Low Gradient, Riverine Wetlands in Western Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Regional Wetland Subclass and Reference Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Description of the Regional Subclass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Physiography and geology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Basin characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Fluvial geomorphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Hydrologic regimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Forest vegetation communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Cultural alteration of rivers, foodplains, and the landscape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4—Wetland Functions and Assessment Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Function 1: Temporarily Store Surface Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Function 2: Maintain Characteristic Subsurface Hydrology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Function 3: Cycle Nutrients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Function 4: Remove and Sequester Elements and Compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Function 5: Retain Particulates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Function 6: Export Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Function 7: Maintain Characteristic Plant Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Function 8: Provide Habitat for Wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 5—Assessment Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Define Assessment Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Characterize the Project Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Screen for Red Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Define the Wetland Assessment Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Collect Field Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Analyze Field Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Apply Assessment Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Appendix A: Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1 Appendix B: Summaries and Forms for Field Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B1 Summary of Functions for Low Gradient, Riverine Wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B2 Summary of Model Variables, Measures/Units, and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B7 Summary of Variables by Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B26 Summary of Graphs for Transforming Measures to Subindices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B28 Blank Field Data Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B33 Blank Plot Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B35 Appendix C: Supplementary Information on Model Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1 Ellipse Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2 Effective Soil Porosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C4 Soil Texture by Feel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C5 Pumping Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C7 Flood Frequency Analysis Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C8 Appendix D: Reference Wetland Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D1 SF 298en_US
dc.format.extent229 pagesen_US
dc.format.mediumPDFen_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherU.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Stationen_US
dc.relationhttp://acwc.sdp.sirsi.net/client/en_US/search/asset/1005064en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesTechnical Report (Wetlands Research Program (U.S.)) ; no. Technical Report WRP-DE-17en_US
dc.rightsApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited.en_US
dc.sourceThis Digital Resource was created in Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobaten_US
dc.subjectWetlandsen_US
dc.subjectWetland ecologyen_US
dc.subjectEcosystem managementen_US
dc.subjectEnvironmental managementen_US
dc.subjectWetland delineationen_US
dc.subjectWetland conservationen_US
dc.subjectWetlandsen_US
dc.subjectWestern Kentucky-
dc.titleA regional guidebook for assessing the functions of low gradient, Riverine Wetlands in Western Kentuckyen_US
dc.typeReporten_US
Appears in Collections:Technical Report

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