Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/46140
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dc.contributor.authorBain, Rachel L.-
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Jared M.-
dc.contributor.authorStyles, Richard-
dc.creatorCoastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (U.S.)-
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-01T15:04:07Z-
dc.date.available2022-12-01T15:04:07Z-
dc.date.issued2022-11-
dc.identifier.govdocERDC/CHL TR-22-21-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11681/46140-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46140-
dc.descriptionTechnical Reporten_US
dc.description.abstractCommercial vessels transiting the Savannah entrance channel intermittently generate large wake events at Tybee Island, Georgia, creating a potential hazard for beachgoers. However, not all commercial vessels generate large wakes, and the relationship between vessel dimensions, operating conditions, wake height, and drawdown magnitude is unclear. This study evaluates bathymetric data, high-frequency wave and vessel wake measurements, and broadcast vessel identification over a 4-month period with the goal of providing a quantitative characterization of vessel wake conditions at Tybee Island. Data from 1,386 cargo vessel passages and 202 tanker passages indicate that vessel dimensions (length and beam) are positively correlated with drawdown magnitude and secondary wake height, although large vessels do not consistently generate large wakes. Container ships, which tended to travel faster than tankers, corresponded to the largest wakes in the dataset. A further hypothesis is that tidally modulated energy dissipation may favor smaller vessel wake uprush at low tide and larger uprush at high tide, but this idea cannot be confirmed without additional measurements to quantify nonlinear wave propagation on the beach face. Based on the collected data, the study concludes with four recommendations for reducing risk to beachgoers.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUnited States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Savannah District.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontentsAbstract .................................................................................................................................... ii Figures and Tables .................................................................................................................. iv Preface ...................................................................................................................................viii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... ix 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Objective............................................................................................................. 6 1.3 Approach ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3.1 Task 1: Site visit .......................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Task 2: Bathymetric survey ........................................................................................ 7 1.3.3 Task 3: Equipment deployment and retrieval............................................................ 7 1.3.4 Task 4: Analysis and reporting ................................................................................... 7 2 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Bathymetric survey ............................................................................................ 9 2.2 Vessel wake patterns of large commercial ships ............................................ 9 2.3 Wake data collection and processing .............................................................11 2.4 Automated Information System (AIS) data and processing ..........................15 2.5 Other data sources .......................................................................................... 17 2.6 Wind wave analysis ........................................................................................ 20 2.7 Wake analysis ................................................................................................. 22 3 Results ............................................................................................................................. 24 3.1 Bathymetric survey .......................................................................................... 24 3.2 Wind wave conditions: general description .................................................. 26 3.3 Vessel types and operating conditions .......................................................... 28 3.4 Large vessel wakes: general description ...................................................... 32 3.5 Comparison of energy from wind-generated and vessel-generated waves ......................................................................................................................... 38 3.6 Statistical analysis of ship wave characteristics........................................... 45 3.7 Nearshore wave patterns ............................................................................... 49 4 Discussion and Summary .............................................................................................. 53 4.1 Recommendations ......................................................................................... 54 4.2 Strategies to reduce wave heights at Tybee Island ....................................... 57 References ............................................................................................................................. 60 Appendix: Ship Wave Height at Tybee Island .................................................................... 63 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 76 Report Documentation Page-
dc.format.extent90 pages / 11.85 MB-
dc.format.mediumPDF-
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherEngineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesTechnical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) : no. ERDC/CHL TR-22-21-
dc.rightsApproved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited-
dc.sourceThis Digital Resource was created in Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat-
dc.subjectSavannah Harbor (Ga.)en_US
dc.subjectShips--Wakes (fluid dynamics)en_US
dc.subjectTybee Island (Ga.)en_US
dc.subjectWater waves--Analysisen_US
dc.titleShip-induced waves at Tybee Island, Georgiaen_US
dc.typeReporten_US
Appears in Collections:Technical Report

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