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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/45000Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Renaud, Alexander D. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Forte, Michael F. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Spore, Nicholas J. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Bruder, Brittany L. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Brodie, Katherine L. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Straub, Jessamin A. | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Ruby, Jeffrey G. | - |
| dc.creator | Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (U.S.) | - |
| dc.creator | Geospatial Research Laboratory (U.S.) | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-08-10T17:32:35Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2022-08-10T17:32:35Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-08 | - |
| dc.identifier.govdoc | ERDC TR-22-13 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/11681/45000 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45000 | - |
| dc.description | Technical Report | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The 2017 Duck Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Pilot Experiment was conducted by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, Field Research Facility (FRF), to assess the potential for different UAS to support US Army Corps of Engineers coastal and flood risk management. By involving participants from multiple ERDC laboratories, federal agencies, academia, and private industry, the work unit leads were able to leverage assets, resources, and expertise to assess data from multiple UAS. This report compares datasets from several UAS to assess their potential to survey and observe coastal terrain and structures. In this report, UAS data product accuracy was analyzed within the context of three potential applications: (1) general coastal terrain survey accuracy across the FRF property; (2) small-scale feature detection and observation within the experiment infrastructure area; and (3) accuracy for surveying coastal foredunes. The report concludes by presenting tradeoffs between UAS accuracy and the cost to operate to aid in selection of the best UAS for a particular task. While the technology and exact UAS models vary through time, the lessons learned from this study illustrate that UAS are available at a variety of costs to satisfy varying coastal management data needs. | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Coastal and Ocean Data Systems Program (U.S.) | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Flood and Coastal Systems Research and Development Program (U.S.) | - |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Abstract .................................................................................................................................... ii Figures and Tables ................................................................................................................... v Preface ..................................................................................................................................... vi 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) platform and processing advancement .............. 1 1.1.2 UAS potential support to coastal and FRM ............................................................... 2 1.2 Objective............................................................................................................. 4 1.3 Approach ............................................................................................................ 5 2 Coastal Terrain Accuracy Assessment .......................................................................... 8 2.1 Coastal terrain accuracy data sets ................................................................... 8 2.2 Coastal terrain accuracy ground control survey .............................................. 9 2.3 Coastal terrain accuracy methodology ........................................................... 10 2.3.1 COTS software processing ........................................................................................ 11 2.3.2 GIS processing .......................................................................................................... 12 2.3.3 Spreadsheet processing ........................................................................................... 12 2.4 Coastal terrain accuracy results ..................................................................... 14 2.4.1 Coastal terrain accuracy RGB and NIR results by processing software ................ 15 2.4.2 Thermal/Multispectral imaging (MSI) processing ................................................... 18 2.4.3 Coastal terrain ground control point (GCP) processing discussion ........................ 19 2.4.4 Cumulus/Sony data set with five GCPs ................................................................... 22 2.4.5 DSM density analysis ................................................................................................ 23 2.4.6 Post-Processed Kinematic (PPK) data set for coastal terrain ................................ 25 2.5 USACE data applicability example .................................................................. 27 2.6 Coastal terrain accuracy discussion .............................................................. 29 3 Object Detection and Structure Disturbance ............................................................. 31 3.1 Objective........................................................................................................... 31 3.2 Infrastructure area datasets .......................................................................... 32 3.2.1 Imagery ...................................................................................................................... 32 3.2.2 Block targets ............................................................................................................. 33 3.2.3 Mock jetty .................................................................................................................. 34 3.3 Data processing .............................................................................................. 35 3.3.1 Structure from Motion (SfM) processing ................................................................. 35 3.3.2 Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) processing and analysis ............................................................................................................................... 35 3.4 Block target analysis and results .................................................................. 36 3.5 Mock jetty deformation assessment ............................................................. 42 3.6 Discussion – Object detection and structure disturbance .......................... 45 4 UAS Extraction of Dune Features ................................................................................ 47 4.1 Background ...................................................................................................... 47 4.2 Study site......................................................................................................... 48 4.3 UAS and data characterization ...................................................................... 50 4.4 Control data ..................................................................................................... 51 4.4.1 Ground control points (GCPs) ................................................................................... 51 4.4.2 Mobile Terrestrial Lidar (MTLS) control ................................................................... 51 4.5 Data processing ............................................................................................... 51 4.5.1 Point cloud generation .............................................................................................. 51 4.5.2 Model generation ...................................................................................................... 52 4.5.3 Dune volume ............................................................................................................. 52 4.6 Data summary ................................................................................................ 53 4.6.1 Digital surface model (DSM) differences ................................................................. 55 4.6.2 Elevation profiles ....................................................................................................... 55 4.6.3 Volume ....................................................................................................................... 55 4.6.4 Root Mean Square Differences (RMSD) .................................................................. 56 4.7 Discussion – UAS coastal dune data ............................................................. 57 5 UAS Platform Costs and Benefits ................................................................................ 59 5.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 59 5.2 UAS programmatic costs ................................................................................ 60 5.2.1 Pilot training .............................................................................................................. 60 5.2.2 UAS platforms and instrumentation ........................................................................ 61 5.2.3 Software procurement and training ......................................................................... 63 5.2.4 Additional operational equipment ............................................................................ 65 5.3 Data collection costs ...................................................................................... 66 5.3.1 Mission planning ....................................................................................................... 66 5.3.2 Data collection .......................................................................................................... 67 5.4 Processing costs ............................................................................................. 69 5.5 Overall UAS operating costs ............................................................................ 71 5.6 Cost-benefit by application ............................................................................. 71 5.6.1 Overall coastal terrain............................................................................................... 72 5.6.2 Detailed feature characterization ............................................................................ 75 5.6.3 Dune costs and benefits ........................................................................................... 77 5.7 Additional cost-benefit considerations ........................................................... 77 6 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 84 References ............................................................................................................................. 86 Unit Conversion Factors ....................................................................................................... 92 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 93 Report Documentation Page | - |
| dc.format.extent | 107 pages / 6.56 MB | - |
| dc.format.medium | - | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) | en_US |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Technical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) ; no. ERDC TR-22-13 | - |
| dc.rights | Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited | - |
| dc.source | This Digital Resource was created in Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat | - |
| dc.subject | Aerial photography | en_US |
| dc.subject | Costal engineering | en_US |
| dc.subject | Data collection platforms | en_US |
| dc.subject | Drone aircraft | en_US |
| dc.subject | Remote sensing | en_US |
| dc.title | Evaluation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems for flood risk management : results of terrain and structure assessments | en_US |
| dc.type | Report | en_US |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERDC TR-22-13.pdf | 6.56 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |