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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/35515| Title: | Sieve stack and laser diffraction particle size analysis of IMX-104 low-order detonation particles |
| Authors: | Bigl, Matthew F. Beal, Samuel A. Walsh, Michael R. Ramsey, Charles A. Burch, Katrina M. |
| Keywords: | Command detonation Energetics Explosives--Environmental aspects Fate and transport Insensitive munitions Laser diffraction Propellants--Residues Soil pollution |
| Publisher: | Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Series/Report no.: | Technical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) ; no. ERDC/CRREL TR-20-3 |
| Abstract: | When an artillery round undergoes a low-order detonation during live-fire training or an unexploded ordnance clearance operation, up to 25% of the round’s energetic contents are scattered over a small, localized area, some-times less than 100 m². Training-range fate and transport models require an accurate representation of the particle-size characteristics of the material left behind from low-order detonations. This study investigated using laser diffraction particle size analysis to characterize 26 samples collected from four low-order command-detonated 81 mm mortar bodies filled with IMX-104. The refractive index of IMX-104 was estimated using an iterative recalculation technique on a Horiba LA-960 that yielded 1.845 0.01𝘪. Of the 25 triplicate analyses conducted using this value, 12 passed the USP <429> measurement standard with 9 of the remaining samples found to have had a reduction in particle size during analysis that caused artificially high coefficient of variance values. The cumulative percent of particle sizes determined by laser diffraction and sieve stack differed by 0%–21.9% (median = 0.2%–7.2%). In ad-dition, the higher resolution results of the laser diffraction particle size analysis, especially for particles smaller than 0.5 mm, make it the preferred method of analysis. |
| Description: | Technical Report |
| Gov't Doc #: | ERDC/CRREL TR-20-3 |
| Rights: | Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited |
| URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/11681/35515 http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/35515 |
| Size: | 63 pages / 2.620 Mb |
| Types of Materials: | PDF/A |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERDC-CRREL TR-20-3.pdf | 2.68 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |