1. ERDC Knowledge Core
  2. Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC)
  3. Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory (GSL) - (2/23/2001 - present)
  4. Publication
  5. Technical Report
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/35475
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dc.contributor.authorRamsey, Monica A.-
dc.contributor.authorScott, Dylan A.-
dc.contributor.authorWeiss, Charles Arthur, 1961--
dc.contributor.authorTingle, Jeb S.-
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-07T14:58:09Z-
dc.date.available2020-02-07T14:58:09Z-
dc.date.issued2020-02-
dc.identifier.govdocERDC/GSL TR-20-4-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11681/35475-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/35475-
dc.descriptionTechnical Report-
dc.description.abstractMagnesium phosphate cements (MPCs) have been used in proprietary products for pavement repairs for over 30 years. However, these products generally are intended for small repair sections less than 0.5 ft³ due to high heat generations and short working times. The objective of this research was to develop optimal mixture proportions of MPCs for use in pavement applications. Materials used in this research included three types of magnesium oxide (MgO), one phosphate salt, two types of fly ash, a retarder, two course aggregate gradations, and one sand. From these materials, 24 mixture proportions were batched with variations including water content, retarder, and fly ash to determine the effects on physical and mechanical properties. Laboratory testing at various scales was conducted on a mixture consisting of a dead-burned MgO, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Class C fly ash, boric acid, and local aggregates. Four variations were developed and commercially blended in bulk super sacks. These concrete mixtures met the workability, setting time, and strength requirements. A volumetric mixer was used to batch 2 yd³ field placements in test sections 8.5 ft wide x 8.5 ft long x 8 in. deep. This was noteworthy because no literature was discovered for MPC concrete placements at this large volume.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipAir Force Civil Engineer Center (U.S.)en_US
dc.description.tableofcontentsAbstract ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... ii Contents Contents ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. iiiiii Figures and Tables Figures and Tables ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... v Preface Preface ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... viivii IntroductionIntroduction ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 1 Problem statementProblem statement ................................ ................................ ........................... 1 ObjectiveObjective ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 2 Research approachResearch approach ................................ ................................ ........................... 2 Literature ReviewLiterature Review ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 3 IntroductionIntroduction ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 3 Mixture constituents of MPCMixture constituents of MPC ................................ ................................ ............ 4 Magnesium oxide ........................................................................................................ 4 Phosphates .................................................................................................................. 5 Supplementary cementitious materials ..................................................................... 6 Retarders ..................................................................................................................... 7 Aggregates................................................................................................................... 8 Water ........................................................................................................................... 8 Test methods and factors influencing properties of MPCTest methods and factors influencing properties of MPC .............................. 9 ConclusionsConclusions ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 10 MaterialsMaterials ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 12 Magnesium oxide (MgO)Magnesium oxide (MgO) ................................ ................................ ................ 13 Light-burned (LB) ...................................................................................................... 13 Hard-burned (HB) ...................................................................................................... 14 Dead-burned (DB) ..................................................................................................... 14 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KHPotassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO ₄) ................................ ................. 14 Fly ashFly ash ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 14 RetarderRetarder ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 15 AggregatesAggregates ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 15 Trial BatchingTrial Batching ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 17 LightLight-burned MgO, Class C fly ashburned MgO, Class C fly ash ................................ ................................ 18 HardHard-burned MgO, Class F fly ashburned MgO, Class F fly ash ................................ ................................ .. 21 DeadDead-burned MgO, Class F fly ashburned MgO, Class F fly ash ................................ ................................ 22 DeadDead-burned MgO, Class C fly ashburned MgO, Class C fly ash ................................ ................................ . 24 Trial batching discussionTrial batching discussion ................................ ................................ ............... 26 Suggested design rangesSuggested design ranges ................................ ................................ .............. 28 Laboratory Testing at Varying Scales Laboratory Testing at Varying Scales ................................ ................................ .......... 30 Methodology ................................................................................................... 30 Materials and mixing ...................................................................................... 31 Results and discussion .................................................................................. 34 Fresh properties ........................................................................................................ 36 Compressive strength ............................................................................................... 36 Flexural strength ....................................................................................................... 37 Bond strength ............................................................................................................ 38 Modulus of elasticity ................................................................................................. 39 Length change .......................................................................................................... 40 Coefficient of thermal expansion ............................................................................. 42 Freezing and thawing durability ............................................................................... 43 Drilled cores of concrete ........................................................................................... 44 Field Testing.................................................................................................................... 47 Materials .......................................................................................................... 47 Characterization and variability testing ........................................................ 48 X-ray Fluorescence .................................................................................................... 48 Cement content ......................................................................................................... 49 Laboratory experimental methods ................................................................ 50 Laboratory results of sampled MPC Mixes 1-4 super sacks ....................... 50 Fresh properties ........................................................................................................ 51 Compressive strength ............................................................................................... 52 Flexural strength ....................................................................................................... 52 Discussion of sampled super sacks of MPC Mixes 1-4 ............................... 53 Field experimental methods .......................................................................... 53 Results and discussion of field testing ......................................................... 58 Fresh properties ........................................................................................................ 58 Compressive strength ............................................................................................... 59 Flexural strength ....................................................................................................... 59 Discussion of field testing......................................................................................... 60 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................... 63 References ............................................................................................................................. 65 Appendix A: Material Data Reports .................................................................................... 70 Appendix B: Trial Mixture Proportions at SSD for 1 Cu Yd ............................................... 93 Appendix C: Summary of Trial Batch Results ................................................................. 106 Unit Conversion Factors .................................................................................................... 107 Report Documentation Page-
dc.format.extent117 pages / 9.066 Mb-
dc.format.mediumPDF/A-
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherGeotechnical and Structures Laboratory (U.S.)en_US
dc.publisherEngineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)-
dc.relation.ispartofseriesTechnical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) ; no. ERDC/GSL TR-20-4-
dc.rightsApproved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited-
dc.sourceThis Digital Resource was created in Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat-
dc.subjectMagnesium phosphate cement (MPC)en_US
dc.subjectMixture proportioningen_US
dc.subjectRunways (Aeronautics)--Maintenance and repairen_US
dc.subjectStrength propertiesen_US
dc.subjectSetting timeen_US
dc.subjectConcrete--Mixingen_US
dc.subjectMagnesium phosphateen_US
dc.subjectCement--Mixingen_US
dc.subjectRepair of concreteen_US
dc.subjectMilitary basesen_US
dc.titleDevelopment of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) concrete mixture proportioning for airfield pavements : laboratory and field validation MPC test reporten_US
dc.typeReporten_US
Appears in Collections:Technical Report

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