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  3. Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC)
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  5. Technical Report
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/35214
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dc.contributor.authorPage, Martin A.-
dc.contributor.authorMacAllister, Bruce A.-
dc.contributor.authorUrban, Angela B.-
dc.contributor.authorVeinotte, Christopher L.-
dc.contributor.authorMacAllister, Irene E.-
dc.contributor.authorPokrzywinski, Kaytee L.-
dc.contributor.authorRiley, Jim-
dc.contributor.authorMartinez-Guerra, Edith, 1989--
dc.contributor.authorWhite, Craig.-
dc.contributor.authorGrasso, Christopher R.-
dc.contributor.authorKennedy, Alan James, 1976--
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Catherine C.-
dc.contributor.authorBilling, Justin.-
dc.contributor.authorSchmidt, Andrew-
dc.contributor.authorLevy, Dan.-
dc.contributor.authorColona, Bill.-
dc.contributor.authorPinelli, David.-
dc.contributor.authorJohn, Chandy.-
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-17T16:26:35Z-
dc.date.available2020-01-17T16:26:35Z-
dc.date.issued2020-01-
dc.identifier.govdocERDC TR-20-1-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11681/35214-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/35214-
dc.descriptionTechnical Report-
dc.description.abstractNutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms cost the Nation an estimated $1B each year. The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) began research on the Harmful Algal Bloom Interception, Treatment, and Transformation System project to develop scalable solutions for managing large Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), with the objective to develop a rapidly deployable system for mitigating large HABs at various design scales. The first year’s progress includes: (1) development and deployment of an interception technology that efficiently collects algae at the water surface, (2) validation of high throughput treatment using dissolved air flotation (DAF) technology to clarify algae-laden water, (3) oxidation of the DAF effluent using ozonation for removing microcystin and other potential cyanotoxins, (4) successful permitting with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection for discharging the treated water back to a surface water body at the demonstration site, (5) demonstration of rapid concentration of algae from a natural water source, (6) transformation of concentrated algae from the study site into biocrude oil at bench scale, and (7) development of a scalability analysis model to establish baseline estimates for full scale performance and cost.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipAquatic Nuisance Species Research Program (U.S.)en_US
dc.description.tableofcontentsAbstract .......................................................................................................................................................... ii Figures and Tables ......................................................................................................................................... v Preface ......................................................................................................................................................... viii Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... ix 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Harmful Algal Bloom impacts on the Nation ................................................................. 1 1.2 Capability development requirement ............................................................................ 3 1.3 Current HAB prevention and mitigation methods ......................................................... 4 1.3.1 Nutrient control .................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 Chemical methods for HAB mitigation ............................................................................... 4 1.3.3 Physical methods ................................................................................................................. 5 1.3.4 Biological methods .............................................................................................................. 5 1.4 HABITATS project overview ............................................................................................. 5 1.4.1 Research objective and vision ............................................................................................ 5 1.4.2 Technical approach ............................................................................................................. 6 1.4.2.1 Interception ............................................................................................................................. 7 1.4.2.2 Treatment ................................................................................................................................ 7 1.4.2.3 Transformation ........................................................................................................................ 8 1.4.3 Metrics ................................................................................................................................. 8 1.5 Case study – Lake Okeechobee................................................................................... 10 2 Materials and Methods ......................................................................................................................12 2.1 Water sources for demonstration testing .................................................................... 12 2.1.1 Moore Haven Lock and Dam- Lake Okeechobee ............................................................ 13 2.1.2 Algae-laden ‘green water’ from Newnans Lake ............................................................... 14 2.2 Technology demonstration testing site ........................................................................ 14 2.3 Water quality test methods .......................................................................................... 17 2.3.1 Whole effluent toxicity testing ........................................................................................... 17 2.3.2 Grab samples for treatment performance analysis......................................................... 18 2.3.3 In situ measurement methods .......................................................................................... 18 2.3.3.1 Chlorophyll and phycocyanin ................................................................................................ 19 2.3.3.2 Molecular methods ............................................................................................................... 20 2.3.3.3 Total and free toxin ............................................................................................................... 22 2.3.3.4 Microscopic identification and enumeration ....................................................................... 22 2.4 Site characterization testing ........................................................................................ 22 2.5 Interception testing ....................................................................................................... 23 2.6 Pretreatment testing ..................................................................................................... 24 2.7 Treatment testing .......................................................................................................... 25 2.7.1 DAF system ........................................................................................................................ 25 2.7.2 Advanced oxidation system .............................................................................................. 26 2.8 HTL testing .................................................................................................................... 27 2.9 Post-treatment .............................................................................................................. 28 2.10 Permitting ...................................................................................................................... 29 2.11 Power monitoring .......................................................................................................... 29 3 Results .................................................................................................................................................. 30 3.1 Demonstration site conditions ..................................................................................... 30 3.1.1 Source water suspended solids ........................................................................................ 30 3.1.2 Source water nutrient levels ............................................................................................. 30 3.1.3 Source water cyanotoxin and microbiology characterization ......................................... 31 3.2 Pretreatment testing ..................................................................................................... 33 3.2.1 Mechanically-cleaned screen filter (15 μm cutoff) .......................................................... 33 3.2.2 Stacked disc filtration ........................................................................................................ 33 3.2.3 ZeeWeed membrane filtration .......................................................................................... 34 3.3 Treatment testing .......................................................................................................... 34 3.3.1 DAF system ........................................................................................................................ 34 3.3.2 Treatment system effluent ................................................................................................ 38 3.3.3 Algae biomass characterization ....................................................................................... 43 3.4 HTL testing .................................................................................................................... 44 4 Discussion ............................................................................................................................................ 47 4.1 Interception ................................................................................................................... 47 4.2 Treatment ...................................................................................................................... 48 4.3 Transformation .............................................................................................................. 50 4.4 Scalability ...................................................................................................................... 51 4.4.1 Analysis approach ............................................................................................................. 52 4.4.2 Effects of ambient algae concentration ........................................................................... 55 4.4.3 Effects of algae depth distribution ................................................................................... 58 5 Conclusions and Path Forward ........................................................................................................ 61 References ................................................................................................................................................... 63 Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... 65 Unit Conversion Factors ............................................................................................................................ 67 Appendix A : Demonstration Site Tour .................................................................................................... 68 Appendix B : Environmental Discharge Permit ..................................................................................... 80 Report Documentation Page .................................................................................................................... 83-
dc.format.extent97 pages / 9.125 Mb-
dc.format.mediumPDF/A-
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherConstruction Engineering Research Laboratory (U.S.)en_US
dc.publisherEnvironmental Laboratory (U.S.)-
dc.publisherEngineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)-
dc.relation.ispartofseriesTechnical Report (Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)) ; no. ERDC TR-20-1-
dc.rightsApproved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited-
dc.sourceThis Digital Resource was created in Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat-
dc.subjectAlgal bloomsen_US
dc.subjectNutrient pollution of wateren_US
dc.subjectWater qualityen_US
dc.subjectWater quality managementen_US
dc.subjectEnvironmental protectionen_US
dc.subjectEnvironmental managementen_US
dc.titleHarmful Algal Bloom Interception, Treatment, and Transformation System, "HABITATS" : pilot research study phase I - summer 2019en_US
dc.typeReporten_US
Appears in Collections:Technical Report

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