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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/2753| Title: | Creep of ice at low stresses |
| Authors: | Butkovich, Theodore R. Landauer, J. K. (Joseph K.) |
| Keywords: | Ice Ice creep Compressive properties Ice plasticity Ice compaction |
| Publisher: | U.S. Army Snow, Ice, and Permafrost Research Establishment. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Series/Report no.: | Research report (U.S. Army Snow |
| Description: | Technical report Low stress creep measurements were made on commercial ice and small-grained glacier ice in the temperature range from -1.3 to -18.9°C at stresses down to about 1 x 10^4 dynes/cm^2. The uniaxial stresses and strain rates were reduced to shear stresses and shear strain rates by respectively dividing and multiplying the former by √3. The log shear strain rate vs log shear stress curves was essentially linear for the low-stress creep measurements. Assuming a linear flow law for low-stress creep, activation energies for creep of about 14,300 cal/mole were determined. It can also be seen that the smaller-grained ice has a higher viscosity coefficient. The observed activation energy for creep of ice is probably that for self-diffusion. Although lacking a concrete deformation mechanism, the rate process theory, which leads to a hyperbolic sine stress dependence, seems to best describe the experimental results. |
| Rights: | Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11681/2753 |
| Appears in Collections: | Research Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIPRE-Research-Report-72.pdf | 643.18 kB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |