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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/19940| Title: | TNT redwater treatment by wet air oxidation |
| Authors: | University of Maryland (College Park, Md.). Department of Civil Engineering. United States. Department of the Army. Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management. Maloney, Stephen W. Boddu, Veera M. Phull, Kotu K. Hao, Oliver J. |
| Keywords: | TNT Trinitrotoluene Redwater Wet Air Oxidation WAO Explosives Munitions Environmental Law Water purification Effluent |
| Publisher: | Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (U.S.) Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Description: | Technical Report Abstract: Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is one of the most widely used military explosives. The manufacturing process creates a highly toxic, reactive waste called "redwater." Increasingly stringent environmental regulations no longer allow the Army to dispose of redwater by burning it or selling it to the paper industry; alternate disposal solutions must be found. One feasible alternative is the oxidation of redwater at high temperatures and pressures, or wet air oxidation (WAO). Oxidation temperatures between 225°C and 300°C may provide effluent that can be effectively treated using conventional biological wastewater treatment methods. A WAO temperature of 280°C was proven by toxicity experiments in this report to be the optimal temperature for providing an effluent with the fewest remaining impurities that is best suited for biological treatment. The estimated cost of treating a gallon of redwater using WAO is $0.35 if treated at 280°C and $1.02 if treated at 340°C. A redwater treatment plant, designed for treating 16,000 gallons of redwater at a temperature of 280°C, is estimated to cost $3.9 million, with a total capital cost per year of $730,000. |
| Rights: | Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11681/19940 |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CERL-TR-EP-95-01.pdf | 40.94 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |