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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/13538| Title: | Tioga outlet works, Tioga and Hammond Lakes, Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania : hydraulic model investigation |
| Authors: | United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Baltimore District. Oswalt, Noel R. |
| Keywords: | Hydraulic models Riprap Hydraulic structures Open channel flow Stilling basins Outlet works Tioga Dam Tioga Lake Hammond Lake Pennsylvania |
| Publisher: | Hydraulics Laboratory (U.S.) Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Series/Report no.: | Technical report (U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station) ; H-76-5. |
| Description: | Technical Report Abstract: A 1:25-scale model of the Tioga outlet works was used to determine the adequacy of the stilling basin to perform as desired for discharges up to 15,860 cfs, to study flow conditions in the exit channel, and to determine minimum riprap requirements for the exit channel. A schematic of the intake tower, the outlet conduit, the stilling basin, and about 600 ft of the exit channel were reproduced in the model. The original design stilling basin performed satisfactorily for discharges ranging from 2,000 to 14,000 cfs; however, flow separation and adverse vortex action occurred with lesser flows and a pulsating jump that overtopped the basin walls occurred with greater flows. Performance with low release rates was determined for both single- and double-gate operations. Recommended changes to the original design stilling basin included widening the basin from 55.5 to 72 ft, decreasing the flare of the outlet transition from 1 on 4.683 to 1 on 6, raising the basin apron 4.5 ft from el 1005.5 to 1010.0, raising the elevation of the sidewalls from 1043.0 to 1048.0, and lengthening the basin approximately 30 ft to the 38.64-ft-long horizontal floor at the outlet portal. The minimum size riprap required for stability in the exit channel was determined with the design discharge of 15,860 cfs. |
| Rights: | Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11681/13538 |
| Appears in Collections: | Technical Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TR-HL-76-5.pdf | 3.2 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |