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https://hdl.handle.net/11681/12176| Title: | Nitrogen removal in cold regions trickling filter systems |
| Authors: | United States. Army. Office of the Chief of Engineers Reed, Sherwood C. Diener, C. J. (Carl J.) Weyrick, Patricia B. |
| Keywords: | Cold regions Trickling filters Filtration Wastewater Nitrogen |
| Publisher: | Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.) |
| Series/Report no.: | Special report (Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)) ; 86-2. |
| Description: | Special Report Abstract: Trickling filters are found in about 50% of the operating wastewater treatment systems owned by the U.S. Army, and more are likely for any new construction. Control of nitrogen, particularly ammonia in wastewater effluents, is a growing necessity. Ammonia can be removed in trickling filters but the process is temperature-dependent. This study combined an intensive literature review with data collection at full-scale and pilot-scale systems. These results are presented and evaluated. A liquid temperature of at least 7°C is necessary in the filter bed for effective ammonia removal, and a separate single-purpose filter bed dedicated for nitrification is recommended when significant ammonia removal is required at cold regions locations. Criteria and equations are derived for future cold region system designs. |
| Rights: | Approved for Public Release, Distribution is Unlimited |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11681/12176 |
| Appears in Collections: | Special Report |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SR-86-2.pdf | 8.34 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |